Category: How To

Moving Your Images For MultiSite (Updated)
Updated after Andrew Nacin asked me “Why are you suggesting they replace ‘wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/’ into their post content, instead of /files/?” (Answer: Because when I did this on my first site, about a year ago, I majorly goofed my SQL search/replace and shot myself in the foot For some reason, that made me think ‘files is bad! Blogs.dir is good!’ which … it’s not. Really, blogs.dir is fewer redirects, but that’s really about all I can say. So this has been edited. Thanks!)

In generic WordPress single installs, your images are, by default, located in a folder called uploads off the wp-content folder, and tend to look like this: wp-content/uploads/YYYY/MM/image.jpg. When you use MultiSite WordPress, the files are now in wp-content/blogs.dir/#/files (where the # is the blog number). If you upgrade from Single to MultiSite, you can leave the files for Blog #1, i.e. your primary blog, where they are to no ill effects. Or you can move them.

I’m not going to be using # as a placeholder, as for most people this blog will be 1. If for ANY REASON yours is not, change it.

Also, I can’t stress this enough, you don’t have to do this! Your images will be just fine where they are, but if you want to move them, you can. Enough people have asked on the WordPress.org support forums that I bothered to consolidate my notes on this, however.

Oh, and backup. Always backup before you start this sort of thing, otherwise you’re a reckless fool.

Step 1 – Move the OLD files

This is easy. Copy or move the files to wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files

While you’re in there, remember to set the folder writable so you can update files later. Your images will now look like wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/YYYY/MM/image.jpg – Make a note of this, you’ll need it in a second.

Step 2 – Teach WordPress where the OLD files are

There are two main ways to do this:

Edit the Database
If you have phpMyAdmin or are savvy at command line SQL, just go ahead and run the replace command:
```
 
update wp_posts set post_content = replace(post_content, 'wp-content/uploads/', 'files/');
```
Now someone here might go “Hang on, I put my files in blogs.dir/1/files and you’re saying to tell WordPress to look in files! What gives?” What gives is what Andrew reminded me! WordPress MultiSite parses files from ‘files.’ The shortest explanation is ‘It’s an .htaccess trick.’ The longer explanation is it’s own blog post.

If you don’t like the idea of SQL, get a search and replace plugin like Search and Replace or Search RegEx and install it. Then search for wp-content/uploads/ and replace with wp-content/files/ to change the database.

In both database cases, you’ll want to check changes all over the place. For wp_posts, check post_excerpt and post_content, and then go through wp_postmeta and edit the meta_value fields.

.htaccess
That’s a lot of work, and odds are you’re still going to miss something. You can also be really lazy and add this to your .htaccess file, before the WordPress stuff:
```
 
# Moved Images
RewriteRule ^wp-content/uploads/(.*)$ http://domain.com/files/$1 [L,R=301]
```
That redirects things quietly. It’s probably not the best way, but like I said, I’m lazy. If I was doing this for a client, I’d probably do both the database fix and the .htaccess, to catch any stragglers.

Step 3 – Tell WordPress where to put the NEW files

Now the fun part! Go to your site’s wp-admin section, click on Super Admin and pick sites from the drop down. Hover your mouse just below the path to your main blog and click on Edit

In that new screen, scroll down and look on the left for Upload Path – You want to change that to wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files

You also want to change Fileupload Url to be http://domain.com/files (this will hold true even if you’re using subfolders or subdomains).

If you see Upload Url Path, you can change if to http://domain.com/files as well, though it appears to be depreciated and no longer used.

Step 4 – There is no Step 4

That’s it! You’re done!
19 July, 2010
Understanding Plugin Stats on WordPress

So you’ve have a plugin and you’ve finally released it on WordPress.org to allow the masses. It’s going well, you’ve run a couple revisions with no major issues. But how can you tell how ‘well’ your plugin is actually doing?

Realistically, you’re going to have to wait a while, maybe even a year, for things to even out realistically. After a year, you should have something like this on your Stats panel and this CAN be explained!

Here’s what Ban Hammer’s stats look like. It’s just about a year old right now.

1) Initial Release – This was when I released it and started pimping it.

2) First Major Revision – This was when I started adding in more features, making the code faster, and debugging something.

3) Certified for 3.0 – This was … well, yeah, that.

Look at how the spikes ramp up a lot. The first one is moderate, the second one is twice the first, and the third is another moderate change. It’s not impressive, my plugin is for a pretty niche market and I don’t expect it to be hugely popular. Impostercide gets about 80 a day right now, compared to the 10 to 30 Ban Hammer got in its first days. But the basic picture is pretty clearly painted.

It’s not quite an exponential jump for each update, but the update is what’s telling you who is really using your plugin.

Let’s look at the very popular WP Super-Cache plugin:

His spikes are pretty static, standing at 11k downloads on every major release. That’s really impressive, but it gives a far more realistic understanding of your plugin and how many people are really using it.

19 July, 2010
Switching to WordPress MultiSite Breaks Links
As of WordPress 3.1 you can NO LONGER remove the blog slug via the method described in this post! – Feb 28 2011

Warning: WordPress MultiSite is not for the newbie!

Most people I know who are using MultiSite (formerly WPMU) are people who have always been using that fork of WordPress. With the advent of MultiSite, a built in way for people to move from single ‘blog’ installs of WordPress to a multiple site structure, more and more users want to move to it, which is great. But. There are some weird ‘problems’ with MultiSite that cause a lot of users to think it’s broken. It’s not, it’s just different.

My friend Andrea wrote a nice tutorial about how to create a network, and generally when I need help, I scan WPMU Tutorials first. Or I tweet at her. One of the things we’ve talked about is the way WordPress MultiSite changes your blog links.

When I changed https://ipstenu.org from single to multi, my links were changed from https://ipstenu.org/YYYY/MM/PostName to https://ipstenu.org/blog/YYYY/MM/PostName, which I did not want! Thankfully, I knew a lot of people had this problem beforehand and I fixed it quickly, which I will explain here, but first, here’s why it’s done that way.

Normally, when we use pretty permalinks (that’s the part of your URL that looks ‘pretty’ instead of code-like) on a blog, all we have to worry about is not conflicting with post names and page names. If you have an about page, generally the URL is https://ipstenu.org/about. Since WordPress has to translate https://ipstenu.org/?p=2 into that to be pretty, you can’t also have a blog post with the same URL. How would the software know WHICH page you wanted? Simple enough. For details on that, you can read Otto’s post on Category in Permalinks Considered Harmful.

When you add in MultiSite, suddenly the code has to check for something more: is this new Site named something that breaks my existing links?

There are two kinds of MultiSite, and I use them both. You have SubFolders and SubDomains. Subfolders gets you URLs like https://ipstenu.org/code and SubDomains gets you https://halfelf.org/. If you use SubFolders, WordPress takes an extra step to make sure that pages named ‘code’ don’t break when you have a new blog with the same name. To help do that, it kicks your blog URLs from your main blog (i.e. https://ipstenu.org/) up a level to a new URL: https://ipstenu.org/blog/. For those of us who move from Single to Multi, this breaks our old links.

Thankfully there are a couple fixes which can tide you over until WordPress 3.1 is released. The developers plan on having this ‘fixed’ or at least editable by then, so at the worst, you can go from having a blog slug to ‘news’ or ‘pasta’ or whatever.

.htaccess

If you want to keep the blog folder, but you want to redirect your old posts, .htaccess is your friend.

If I wanted to redirect all YYYY/MM/DD posts to /blog/… I would add this:
```
 
RewriteRule ^/([0-9]{4})/([0-9]{2})/([0-9]{2})/(.*)$ https://ipstenu.org/blog/$1/$2/$3/$4 [L,R=301]
```
What I actually did on another site was this:
```
RewriteRule ^/([0-9]{4})/([0-9]{2})/([0-9]{2})/(.*)$ http://domain.com/blog/$4 [L,R=301]
```
And I changed my permalinks to just post name. This was risky, in a way, but it matches how I use the site better.

Plugins

There are a couple plugins that can help you here. Thinking in WordPress made a plugin for WPMU, but I’ve heard it doesn’t quite work yet.

Andrea (and her husband Ron) have a Remove Blog plugin that can also help you.

I’m sure there are others, but I mostly recommend Andrea and Ron’s. And not just because I like them.

Hack

If you’re dead-set on doing this, and you don’t want to use a plugin, there is a manual way to do this. Remember, by doing this you will BREAK the ability of WordPress to check for conflicts between your main site’s urls and any new site. If you’re using ~~SubDirectory~~ SubDomain MultiSite, this should be fine. Hell, I’m doing it. If you’re using SubFolder, I really don’t recommend this at all.

You ready?
- Login to your admin site.
- Go to: Super Admin > Sites > Edit
- Scroll down to “Permalink Structure” and remove the “/blog” part
- Save
That’s it.
14 July, 2010

bbPress 1.x Functions

Since I don’t actively develop for bbPress 1.x at this time, you’re on your own with these ones.

bbPress is a forum platform by the same people who do WordPress. It’s very much a barebones bulletin board system (which makes layers on layers of bb jokes). bbPress is not for the non-techy at this point. It’s still in alpha mode, with a lot of rough edges, and is comparable to WordPress 1. Maybe. Most of the features are done as plugins, rather than defaults, so you don’t get things like PMing and Quick Tags and inline images. You have to add in plugins for that. While I was using it, I wrote a few of my own plugins and hacks to make things work like I wanted.

All of these hacks can be directly applied to the functions.php file of your theme.

Change ‘Sticky’ to an image

If you make a topic sticky it gets ‘pinned’ to the top of the forum. This great for things like announcements etc. It’s really annoying that it’s hard to change. I wanted a post-it image to show that it was pinned, so I made a function to delete the default function and replace it with my own.

This goes in your functions.php for your theme, just like it would for WordPress

<?php
// This sets sticky label as an image
remove_filter('bb_topic_labels', 'bb_sticky_label', 20);
function my_sticky_label( $label ) {
        global $topic;
        if (is_front()) {
                if ( '2' === $topic->topic_sticky ) {
                        return sprintf(__('<img src="/images/sticky.png" alt="&#91;sticky&#93;" /> %s'), $label);
                }
        } else {
                if ( '1' === $topic->topic_sticky || '2' === $topic->topic_sticky ) {
                        return sprintf(__('<img src="/images/sticky.png" alt="&#91;sticky&#93;" /> %s'), $label);
                }
        }
        return $label;
}
add_filter('bb_topic_labels', 'my_sticky_label', 20);
?>

Change the text of a ‘Closed’ topic

By default when you close a topic it renames the topic to Closed: Topic Name. I wanted to change that to Read Only: Topic Name, so what I did was delete the old closed filter and replaced it with my own.

<?php
// This sets closed lable to read as 'read only'
remove_filter('bb_topic_labels', 'bb_closed_label');
function my_closed_label( $label ) {
        global $topic;
        if ( '0' === $topic->topic_open )
                return sprintf(__('[Read Only] %s'), $label);
        return $label;
}
add_filter('bb_topic_labels', 'my_closed_label');
?>

Woopra

If you use Woopra to monitor traffic and Gravatar for icons, you may notice that just slapping Woopra’s tracker in the bottom of your site doesn’t show the Gravars. Since bbPress themeing is what it is, I put this in my theme’s footer.php file to make gravatars show up in my Woopra console. The trick was getting it to extract the logged in user’s email. So here it is. Put this in your footer file and Woopra will show gravatars.

<!-- Woopra Code Start -->
<?php
        global $user_id, $user_email, $user_identity;
        $woopra_name = bb_get_current_user_info( 'login' );
        $woopra_email = bb_get_current_user_info( 'email' );
        if ( $woopra_name == '') {
                echo "<script type=\"text/javascript\">";
                echo "\n";
        }
        else {
                echo '<script type="text/javascript">';
                echo "\nvar woopra_visitor = new Array();";
                echo "\nwoopra_visitor['name'] = '$woopra_name';";
                echo "\nwoopra_visitor['email'] =  '$woopra_email';";
                echo "\nwoopra_visitor['avatar'] = 'http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/" . md5(strtolower($woopra_email)) . 
                "&amp;size=60&amp;default=http%3A%2F%2Fstatic.woopra.com%2Fimages%2Favatar.png';";
                echo "\n";
        }
?>
var _wh = ((document.location.protocol=='https:') ? "https://sec1.woopra.com" : "http://static.woopra.com");
document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + _wh + "/js/woopra.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E"));
</script>
<!-- Woopra Code End -->

13 July, 2010

Woopra Gravatars

At one point, I used Woopra to monitor my traffic. At the time, I also used Gravatar for avatars. Woopra has this awesome ability to show the gravatars of the person visiting, based on their email. Except it wasn’t working with my theme.

Normally I’d just slap this in my footer.php theme file to make gravatars show up in my Woopra console, but I happen to be using a Theme Parent (ThemeHybrid – which I’m also using here) and I don’t want to have to hack my theme any more than I have. The glorious thing is that Justin, in his wisdom, made a function I could plug into. So I made a new function (my_woopra_footer) which lets me extract the user’s email and ID name, parse it through, and spit back the right data. It’s weird, and I don’t suggest you use it unless you’re using Hybrid’s theme.

/* Woopra */
function my_woopra_footer() {
        global $user_ID, $user_email, $user_identity;
        echo "\n";
        ?>?
                <?!-- Woopra Code Start -->?
                <?script type="text/javascript">?
                var woopra_visitor = new Array();
        <?php

        if (is_user_logged_in()) {
                echo "\n\t\twoopra_visitor['name'] = '$user_identity';";
                echo "\n\t\twoopra_visitor['email'] =  '$user_email';";
                echo "\n\t\twoopra_visitor['avatar'] = 'http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/" . md5(strtolower($user_email)) . 
                "&size=60&default=http%3A%2F%2Fstatic.woopra.com%2Fimages%2Favatar.png';";
        }
        echo "\n";
        ?>
                var _wh = ((document.location.protocol=="https:") ? "https://sec1.woopra.com" : "http://static.woopra.com");
                document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + _wh + "/js/woopra.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E"));
                <?/script>?
                
        <??php
}

add_action( 'wp_footer', 'my_woopra_footer' );

As a sidebar, I still think Woopra is an amazing tool. It just had all sorts of weird issues on my sites and I backed off, trading it for Google Analytics. Yeah, I know.

13 July, 2010

Ban Whack-a-Mole
If Ban Hammer is too much for you, I understand. But you still want to smack down users from a specific domain? Otto came up with this and it works nicely.

Copy the code into your theme’s functions.php file (just make one if you don’t have one) and change the call to .ru to whatever it is you need. I’m not 100% sure what would happen if you added in multiple calls, but this is perfect for banning just ONE annoying person.
```
function no_russians($login, $email, $errors) {
        if (strpos($email, '.ru') !== FALSE) {
                $errors->add('email_banned', __('ERROR: This email address is not allowed, please choose another one.'));
        }
}
add_action('register_post', 'no_russians', 10, 3);
```
13 July, 2010

Category: How To

Moving Your Images For MultiSite (Updated)

Step 1 – Move the OLD files

Step 2 – Teach WordPress where the OLD files are

Step 3 – Tell WordPress where to put the NEW files

Step 4 – There is no Step 4

Understanding Plugin Stats on WordPress

Switching to WordPress MultiSite Breaks Links

.htaccess

Plugins

Hack

bbPress 1.x Functions

Change ‘Sticky’ to an image

Change the text of a ‘Closed’ topic

Woopra

Woopra Gravatars

Ban Whack-a-Mole